Networking/Personal Contacts - Even in the best of economic times, many jobs are filled informally. Thus, family, friends, professors, past employers, classmates and alumni are important resources. They can help you be considered for many positions that will never be advertised formally.

Professional Associations - Associations provide networking and professional development among people interested in a particular discipline or field. Associations often have their own web sites, journals, job newsletters, and staff who can provide advice on how to get a job within their field. For example, if you know you are interested in a career in marketing, you might want to contact the American Marketing Association -- even if you aren't looking for a job. Associations are ready-made networks that you should try to tap into.