Biosolids are nutrient-rich organic solid, semisolid, or liquid residues that can be land applied for beneficial reuse. They are generated during primary, secondary, or advanced treatment of domestic sanitary sewage through one or more controlled processes that reduce pathogens and vector (flies, mosquitos, rodents) attraction. These processes include, among others, anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion, and lime stabilization. The terms "Biosolids" and sewage sludge are defined in Part 31, Water Resources Protection of the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, 1994 PA 451, as amended; however biosolids are only the portion of sewage sludge that have undergone adequate treatment to permit their application to land. Industrial sludges and septage are land applied under different programs and are excluded from the biosolids definition.
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